Muscle tears
British Athletics Muscle Injury Classification (MRI)
| Grade 1 | Grade 2 | Grade 3 | Grade 4 |
|---|---|---|---|
| < 10% CSA | 10 - 50% CSA | > 50% | Complete tears |
| < 5 cm length | 5 - 15 cm in length | > 15 cm long |
grading
Flexor Pulley Ruptures
Anatomy
5 Annular pulleys
3 Cruciate pulleys
Pathology
A1 and A5 expendable
Loss of other annular pulleys can lead to bowstringing
- A2 & A4 +/- A3
Aetiology
Rock climbers
- usually when slipping
May hear or feel a pop
Develop swelling / tenderness / pain
Bowstringing
Turf Toe
Definition
Hyper-dorsiflexion injury to 1st MTP joint
Management
Grade 1 - Mild sprain
Symptoms
- minimal swelling / ecchymosis
Management
- return to play immediately
- RICE / NSAIDS
Grade 2 Partial tear plantar plate
Symptoms
Chondrosarcoma
Definition
Malignant cartilage producing tumour
Epidemiology
20% of primary bone tumours
3rd most common
- 1 in 500 000
Relatively non-aggressive / usually Grade I
Average age 40
Male > Females
Two Distinct Types
1. Primary Chondrosarcoma
Arises de novo
Acute lateral ankle sprain
Definition
Partial or complete rupture of one or parts of lateral ligaments of ankle
- common ankle sprain
Epidemiology
Lateral ligaments sprains are the most common ligamentous injuries of the human body
- account for approximately 15% of all athletic injuries
- it is estimated that there is one ankle inversion injury per day per 10,000 people
Most common young males
- average age 27