clinical photo

Definition

Benign enlargement of the common digital branch

- usually 3rd webspace

Anatomy

Found at level of or just distal to MT heads

- deep to the deep transverse MT ligament

Epidemiology

Classically women between 40 and 60

Subungual haematoma 

Management

- < 50% of nail bed -> Decompress with needle

- > 50% -> remove nail and repair bed

Nail bed lacerations

Options

1.  > 50% nail lost

- will get hook nail

- ablate nail bed

Epidemiology

Usually occurs in patients over 60

- due to decreased vascularity & collagen weakness

Younger patient on steroids / growth hormone

Occasionally occurs in young athlete with excessive contracture

Aetiology

Often preceded by quadriceps tendinosis

1.  Antebrachial Compartment Syndrome

Aetiology

Supracondylar fracture of humerus

Both bone forearm fractures

Examination

Epidemiology

Male & Females > 60 years

- X-ray evidence of OA

Symptomatic 

- 25% females

- 15% males

Affected joints

Base thumb

PIPJ / Bouchard's nodes

DIPJ / Heberden's nodes

Conditions

Acro-osteolysis

SLE

Scleroderma

Psoriasis

Acro-osteolysis

Definition

Absorption of distal tuft of phalanx

DDx

Psoriasis

Scleroderma / Raynauds

Frost Bite

Hyperparathyroidism

Diabetes

Vasculitis

Leprosy

RA rarely

Gout

Definition

A valgus knee has a tibiofemoral angle of > 10^o

Causes

Inflammatory

- RA

Definition

No good definition

- flexible flat foot

- medial longitudinal arch of foot in weight-bearing is in contact with ground or closer to ground than 'normal'

Epidemiology

Common

- almost always bilateral

- strong familial tendency

Aetiology

Physiological

All infants have flat feet

Definition

Painful prominence of lateral eminence of 5th metatarsal head 

Coughlin Classification 

Type I deformity 

- prominent lateral condyle 5th metatarsal head

- lateral condylectomy

Type II deformity 

- lateral bowing of 5th metatarsal

- chevron osteotomy