DDx Wrist Pain Ulna
DRUJ
- dislocation / subluxation
- arthritis
TFCC
- degeneration
- tears
Kienbock's
Fracture
- Ulna styloid Fracture
- Carpal fracture / hook of hamate
Ulnocarpal abutment
DRUJ
- dislocation / subluxation
- arthritis
TFCC
- degeneration
- tears
Kienbock's
Fracture
- Ulna styloid Fracture
- Carpal fracture / hook of hamate
Ulnocarpal abutment
DOG WRIST RIFT
De Quervain tenosynovitis
OA CMC / STT
G Ganglion - volar
W Wartenberg's Syndrome (Compression Superficial Branch Radial nerve)
R Radial artery thrombosis
I Intersection syndrome (ECRL/B crossed by APL & EPB)
S Scaphoid fracture / non-union / SL instability / SLAC wrist
T Tumour
Parosteal OS
- bone is not continuous with cortex in MO
3% incidence in elbow joint trauma to some degree
Lateral : Medial 9:1
4th & 5th decades
- M = F
- 75% dominant arm
50% of regular tennis players
- especially > 2 hrs / week
Insertion pathology / Enthesopathy
Over-extension of the elbow with supination / pronation
Lateral epicondyle
- anconeus from posterior face
- ECRB and EDC from anterior face (CEO)
Plica
Jumper's knee / Tendonitis
Bursitis
- prepatellar most common
- Pes anserinus
Excessive Lateral Pressure Syndrome / Patella Tilt
Hoffa's Disease / Fat Pad Syndrome
ITB Syndrome
RSD
Others
- RA
Most common lower limb neuropathy
Valgus TKR - 3%
HTO - 10%
Direct Trauma / Compression
Knee Dislocation
Tibial fracture
Cast / Dressing
Lateral Meniscus Repair
>55 Often mid 30's
Intrinsic
Infection
Loosening
Thigh pain in uncemented
- micro motion at distal end of stem
- modulus mismatch
Stress fracture / insufficiency fracture
- pubic rami, sacral
Intra-operative fracture
Prosthesis failure
Subtle instability
Extrinsic
Any act or failure to act that
- results in or potentially results in harm / death / physical / emotional / sexual abuse
- by a parent or caretaker who is responsible for the child
Neglect
Physical (punch / kick / bite / burn / shake)
Sexual
Emotional
70% male
70% positive FHx
20% learning difficulties
Early / late onset
Unilateral / bilateral
1. Habitual
Toddlers - child can heel walk
2. Structural
Fixed equinus - CTEV / arthrogryposis
Short / tight T Achilles
Space occupying lesion in calf