Loose Bodies
Source
OCD
OA - Osteophytes
Meniscus
Symptoms
Pain
Locking
Clicking
Can cause chondral damage
Xray
OA Loose Bodies
OCD
OA - Osteophytes
Meniscus
Pain
Locking
Clicking
Can cause chondral damage
OA Loose Bodies
Patella may develop from one or multiple ossification centres at 3 years
Failure of centres to fuse may produce bipartite or tripartite patella
- usually bilateral and painless
Classically superolateral
I Inferior Pole 5%
II Lateral 20%
Subtrochanteric
Lateral femoral shaft
Stress fractures
Associated with long term bisphonate use
Black et al. NEJM 2020
- reduction of hip fracture risk v risk of atypical femur fracture
- 10 year period
Self limiting syndrome of unknown aetiology
- hip pain associated with osteoporosis of proximal femur
AVN
- AVN of the hip in pregnancy is rare but possible
- TOH tends to be diffuse on MRI, while AVN is localised
- extends to neck and metaphysis
- transient osteoporosis has normal bone scan
Rare
- M: F 3:1
Non-traumatic or traumatic condition of femoral head with bone death
20 - 50 yo (average 38)
- M: F 4:1
70-80% with AVN will progress within 1 year
Largely related to degree of displacement
Hawkins Type I
- 0% to 13%
Hawkins Type II
- 20% to 50%
- usually only patchy and not a problem (rarely collapses)
Flexion deformity PIPJ with
- MTPJ normal / simple
- MTPJ hyper-extended / complex
- DIPJ any position
- P1 may become subluxed or dislocated
Uncertain
Long second toe / MT
Hallux valgus
Tight shoes
Hyperextension of MTPJ and PIPJ / DIPJ flexion
- usually all toes affected
1. Complex hammer
- hammer toe with MTPJ extension
- hammer usually affects second toe
2. Curly toe
1. Painful Bunion / Hallux valgus
2. Metatarsalgia / MTPJ dislocation
3. Claw toes
Complain of pain with prolonged standing
Complain feet tire easily
Overall alignment
Heel raises