Congenital (VACTERL)
Failure formation (unilateral bar / block)
Failure segmentation (wedge, hemivertebrae)
NM
CP
SB
Muscular dystrophy
Young SCI
Other (NAOMI’S)
NF
Achondroplasia
OI (basilar invagination)
Marfan’s
Irradiation
SED (atlanto-occipital)
Adolescent Idiopathic
Risks of progression
- MR Sex MAP