Extra-articular Distal One Third Humerus Fractures

 

Dis HumerusDistal 1/3Distal 1/3Distal 1/3

 

Surgical Management

 

Fixation

 

Precontoured anatomical plates

 

SynthesSynthes

Synthes long posterolateral distal humerus plate

 

Synthes parallel platesSynthes perpendicular plates

Synthes distal humerus plates surgical technique PDF

 

Approach

 

Triceps split

Lateral paratricipital approach / Modified Gerwin

 

Triceps split

 

AO foundation surgical approach

 

Vumedi video

 

Lateral decubitus

 

Technique

- lateral approach with arm over bolster

- midline incision

- split deep fascia

 

Proximally

- interval between long and lateral heads of triceps

- release lateral head from insertion on humerus

- limited by deltoid / axillary nerve / posterior circumflex humeral artery proximally

- identify radial nerve / profunda brachii artery in spiral groove

 

Distally

- split triceps tendon

- reflect medial head of triceps from bone medially / divide medial head of triceps

- care of ulna nerve which emerges posteriorly through medial intermuscular septum

 

Lateral paratricipital / Modified Gerwin

 

AO foundation radial window distal humerus

 

Indication

 

Holstein Lewis / distal humerus fracture

 

Approach

 

Patient lateral with arm over bolster

 

A. Mobilise the lateral triceps medially from lateral intermuscular septum

 

B.  Identify and protect the radial nerve lateral to triceps 

- pierces the lateral intermuscular septum 10 from articular surface elbow

- enters spiral groove 14 cm above lateral epicondyle

- posterior antebrachial cutaneous nerve arises here from radial nerve

- may have to elevate the radial nerve and pass the plate under

- apply precontoured long posterolateral distal humerus plates

 

Triceps flip Triceps flip 2

 

Triceps flip plate 1Triceps flip 2

 

Gerwinhum

Release and protect radial nerve, and place plate under nerve

 

Humerus distal posterolateral plate 1Distal posterolateral plate 2

Posterolateral plate

 

C. Can use proximal window between long and lateral heads

- slide plate under radial nerve

- fix with screws proximal and distal

 

Distal humerus approachDistal humerus 2Distal humerusHumerus # 2Humerus # 3

 

Triceps sparing posteromedial approach

 

Identify and protect ulna nerve

- distally in cubital tunnel, between two heads of FCU

- proximally passes posterior through medial intermuscular septum at midpoint arm

 

Mobilize medial triceps

 

GerwinMedial humerus

Ulna nerve protect medially, and the triceps then mobilized laterally to apply medial plate